What is the most common type of anemia?

Iron-deficiency anemia is recognized as the most prevalent form of anemia globally, affecting a significant number of individuals across various demographics. This type of anemia occurs when there is insufficient iron in the body to produce hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen.

The causes of iron-deficiency anemia can be multifaceted, including inadequate dietary intake of iron, increased physiological demands (such as during pregnancy or growth spurts), and losses due to menstruation or gastrointestinal bleeding. Due to its high incidence, particularly in populations such as young children and women of reproductive age, iron-deficiency anemia is often the first consideration when diagnosing anemia.

Other types of anemia, such as vitamin B12 deficiency anemia and folate deficiency anemia, are less common and typically associated with specific dietary limitations or absorption issues. Aplastic anemia, on the other hand, is a rare and serious condition resulting from the failure of the bone marrow to produce sufficient blood cells. While all types of anemia impact oxygen delivery and overall health, iron-deficiency anemia stands out as the most common, making it a key area of focus in both clinical practice and public health initiatives.