Which condition is indicated by prolonged partial thromboplastin time and reduced Factor VIII?

The condition characterized by prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and reduced Factor VIII is Hemophilia A. Hemophilia A is a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in Factor VIII, which plays a crucial role in the coagulation cascade. In individuals with Hemophilia A, PTT is prolonged because the intrinsic pathway, which involves Factor VIII, is impaired.

Factor VIII is essential for the proper functioning of the clotting process, particularly in amplifying the activation of Factor X in the thrombin generation process. When Factor VIII levels are low, the blood's ability to clot effectively is diminished, leading to increased bleeding risk and a longer time for blood to coagulate, reflecting in the prolonged PTT.

In contrast, Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency in Factor IX and presents with similar bleeding symptoms and a prolonged PTT but does not affect Factor VIII. Von Willebrand Disease is associated with impaired platelet function and may show prolonged PTT, but it affects Factor VIII activity indirectly rather than directly reducing its levels. Vitamin K deficiency primarily impacts Factors II, VII, IX, and X, affecting the prothrombin time (PT) more than the PTT.

Therefore, the presence of prolonged PTT