Which molecule is responsible for the adherence and gliding motion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae utilizes the P1 adhesion protein, which plays a crucial role in its ability to adhere to host epithelial cells, particularly in the respiratory tract. This attachment is essential for the bacterium to colonize and establish infection. The P1 protein not only facilitates adherence through specific interactions with host cells but also contributes to the gliding motility characteristic of Mycoplasma species. This motility allows the bacterium to navigate surfaces within the host, enhancing its ability to spread and infect.

The P1 protein acts by binding to specific receptors on the surface of the host cells, thereby enabling Mycoplasma pneumoniae to maintain a close association with the respiratory epithelium. This is pivotal in the pathogenesis of the organism, as it supports immune evasion and the ability to persist in a niche where it can cause disease, such as atypical pneumonia.

Other adhesion proteins mentioned in the options, such as P2 adhesion protein and Mycoplasma protein A, might have different roles or functions, but the P1 protein is specifically known for its key involvement in adherence and motility for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Additionally, while general terms like adhesin factor may refer to adhesive capabilities broadly, they do